Employment Relationships

The fundamental transaction between workers and employers—effort exchanged for compensation—has remained constant over time.

However, recent decades have seen the decline of unions and collective bargaining and the rise of nonstandard work arrangements such as contract and temporary employment. These new arrangements give employers greater flexibility but raise questions about the implications for workers’ wages, benefits, job stability and protection under regulation.


3rd IZA Labor Statistics Workshop: Contract Work

July 19, 2019 · Research Highlight

New research debunks popular notions about multiple jobholding

June 10, 2019 · Research Highlight
New research debunks popular notions about multiple jobholding.

All Research

Introduction [to The Shadow Workforce]

January 1, 2006 · Research

Japan's Growing Shadow Workforce

January 1, 2006 · Research

Public Policy and Contingent Workers

January 1, 2006 · Research

Temporary Agency Work in Europe

January 1, 2006 · Research

Where Do We Go from Here?

January 1, 2006 · Research